TY - JOUR AU - Chiken, Satomi AU - Nambu, Atsushi PY - 2014 M3 - Review TI - Disrupting neuronal transmission: mechanism of DBS? JO - Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00033 VL - 8 SN - 1662-5137 N2 - Applying high-frequency stimulation (HFS) to deep brain structure, known as deep brain stimulation (DBS), has now been recognized an effective therapeutic option for a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. DBS targeting the basal ganglia thalamo-cortical loop, especially the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi), subthalamic nucleus (STN) and thalamus, has been widely employed as a successful surgical therapy for movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, dystonia and tremor. However, the neurophysiological mechanism underling the action of DBS remains unclear and is still under debate: does DBS inhibit or excite local neuronal elements? In this review, we will examine this question and propose the alternative interpretation: DBS dissociates inputs and outputs, resulting in disruption of abnormal signal transmission. ER -