AUTHOR=Chistiakov Dmitry A. , Bobryshev Yuri V. , Kozarov Emil , Sobenin Igor A. , Orekhov Alexander N. TITLE=Role of gut microbiota in the modulation of atherosclerosis-associated immune response JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology VOLUME=6 YEAR=2015 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00671 DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2015.00671 ISSN=1664-302X ABSTRACT=

Inflammation and metabolic abnormalities are linked to each other. At present, pathogenic inflammatory response was recognized as a major player in metabolic diseases. In humans, intestinal microflora could significantly influence the development of metabolic diseases including atherosclerosis. Commensal bacteria were shown to activate inflammatory pathways through altering lipid metabolism in adipocytes, macrophages, and vascular cells, inducing insulin resistance, and producing trimethylamine-N-oxide. However, gut microbiota could also play the atheroprotective role associated with anthocyanin metabolism and administration of probiotics and their components. Here, we review the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may influence atherogenesis.