AUTHOR=Kao Yung Hsiang , Tan Andrew EH , Lo Richard HG , Tay Kiang Hiong , Tan Bien Soo , Chow Pierce KH , Ng David CE , Goh Anthony SW 

TITLE=Non-Target Activity Detection by Post-Radioembolization Yttrium-90 PET/CT: Image Assessment Technique and Case Examples

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=4

YEAR=2014

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2014.00011

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2014.00011

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<p>High resolution yttrium-90 (<sup>90</sup>Y) imaging of post-radioembolization microsphere biodistribution may be achieved by conventional positron emission tomography with integrated computed tomography (PET/CT) scanners that have time-of-flight capability. However, reconstructed <sup>90</sup>Y PET/CT images have high background noise, making non-target activity detection technically challenging. This educational article describes our image assessment technique for non-target activity detection by <sup>90</sup>Y PET/CT, which qualitatively overcomes the problem of background noise. We present selected case examples of non-target activity in untargeted liver, stomach, gallbladder, chest wall, and kidney, supported by angiography and <sup>90</sup>Y bremsstrahlung single-photon emission computed tomography with integrated computed tomography (SPECT/CT) or technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin SPECT/CT.</p>