AUTHOR=Wan Ran , Hou Xiaoqing , Wang Xianhang , Qu Jingwu , Singer Stacy D. , Wang Yuejin , Wang Xiping 

TITLE=Resistance evaluation of Chinese wild Vitis genotypes against Botrytis cinerea and different responses of resistant and susceptible hosts to the infection

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=6

YEAR=2015

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2015.00854

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2015.00854

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>The necrotrophic fungus <italic>Botrytis cinerea</italic> is a major threat to grapevine cultivation worldwide. A screen of 41 <italic>Vitis</italic> genotypes for leaf resistance to <italic>B. cinerea</italic> suggested species independent variation and revealed 18 resistant Chinese wild <italic>Vitis</italic> genotypes, while most investigated <italic>V. vinifera</italic>, or its hybrids, were susceptible. A particularly resistant Chinese wild <italic>Vitis</italic>, “Pingli-5” (<italic>V.</italic> sp. [Qinling grape]) and a very susceptible <italic>V. vinifera</italic> cultivar, “Red Globe” were selected for further study. Microscopic analysis demonstrated that <italic>B. cinerea</italic> growth was limited during early infection on “Pingli-5” before 24 h post-inoculation (hpi) but not on Red Globe. It was found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidative system were associated with fungal growth. O<inline-formula><mml:math id="M1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math></inline-formula> accumulated similarly in <italic>B. cinerea</italic> 4 hpi on both <italic>Vitis</italic> genotypes. Lower levels of O<inline-formula><mml:math id="M2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math></inline-formula> (not H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) were detected 4 hpi and ROS (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and O<inline-formula><mml:math id="M3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math></inline-formula>) accumulation from 8 hpi onwards was also lower in “Pingli-5” leaves than in “Red Globe” leaves. <italic>B. cinerea</italic> triggered sustained ROS production in “Red Globe” but not in “Pingli-5” with subsequent infection progresses. Red Globe displayed little change in antioxidative activities in response to <italic>B. cinerea</italic> infection, instead, antioxidative activities were highly and timely elevated in resistant “Pingli-5” which correlated with its minimal ROS increases and its high resistance. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the resistance of Chinese wild <italic>Vitis</italic> species to <italic>B. cinerea</italic>, but also lay the foundation for breeding <italic>B. cinerea</italic> resistant grapes in the future.</p>