AUTHOR=Cieschi María T. , Benedicto Ana , Hernández-Apaolaza Lourdes , Lucena Juan J. 

TITLE=EDTA Shuttle Effect vs. Lignosulfonate Direct Effect Providing Zn to Navy Bean Plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L ‘Negro Polo’) in a Calcareous Soil

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2016

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2016.01767

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2016.01767

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>Zn-Lignosulfonates (LS) fertilizers are used as an eco-friendly alternative to chelate formulations. The mechanisms of Zn release in the rhizosphere by both types of products are compared. The ability to provide Zn to <italic>Phaseolus vulgaris L</italic> of non-modified and chemically modified ZnLS and ZnEDTA is compared in a hydroponic assay. Stable isotope <sup>67</sup>Zn was used to study Zn source (fertilizer, Zn<sub>Fer</sub>, or native, Zn<sub>Nat</sub>) uptake and distribution in plants in two soil pot experiments. ZnEDTA was the best treatment to provide both Zn<sub>Fer</sub> and Zn<sub>Nat</sub> to navy bean plants. A shuttle effect mechanism and an isotopic exchange may occur. ZnLS from eucalyptus (ZnLSE) provides more Zn to the plant than LS from spruce. Chemical modifications of ZnLSE does not improve its efficiency. A double dose of ZnLSE provides similar Zn<sub>Fer</sub> in leaves and similar soluble Zn<sub>Fer</sub> content in soil than ZnEDTA. A model for the Zn fertilizers behavior in the soil and plant system is presented, showing the shuttle effect for the synthetic chelate and the direct delivery in the rhizosphere for the ZnLS complex.</p>