AUTHOR=McNally Gavan P., Hutton-Bedbrook Kathryn E. TITLE=The Promises and Pitfalls of Retrieval-Extinction Procedures in Preventing Relapse to Drug Seeking JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry VOLUME=4 YEAR=2013 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00014 DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00014 ISSN=1664-0640 ABSTRACT=

Relapse to drug seeking after treatment or a period of abstinence remains a fundamental challenge for drug users. The retrieval – extinction procedure offers promise in augmenting the efficacy of exposure based treatment for drug use and for protecting against relapse to drug seeking. Preceding extinction training with a brief retrieval or reminder trial, retrieval – extinction training, has been shown to reduce reinstatement of extinguished drug seeking in animal models and also to produce profound and long lasting decrements in cue-induced craving in human heroin users. However, the mechanisms that mediate these effects of retrieval – extinction training are unclear. Moreover, under some circumstances, the retrieval – extinction procedure can significantly increase vulnerability to reinstatement in animal models.